Endocrine Abstracts

The preparation of Sandostatin LAR® injections using a 2 ml ampoule of vehicle solution may be associated with some technical difficulties of administration, with adverse consequences for patients. The development of a 2.5 ml prefilled syringe may alleviate some of these problems. We have compared these two methods of Sandostatin LAR® administration in 17 patients with acromegaly and 5 patients with neuro-endocrine tumours, (6 drug naïve, 1...

Gynecomastia (Gm) is defined as increased mammary gland size in male and must be distinguished from lipomastia. Mammary tissue is present in children of both sexes. The gland does not develop when androgens (A) prevail over estrogens (E). In men molar ratio of plasma testosterone to estradiol is about 300 to 1. Any deviation from this ratio, be it through diminished A or increased E, can lead to Gm. Testes maturation requires both A and E and palpable mammary tissue is present...

Background and Aims: Early glycoregulation disorders, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of this study is: (a) to analyze parameters of insulin sensitivity, glycoregulation, lipid status, microalbuminuria (MI) and homocysteine (HCY) in patients with obesity (I), IFG (II), IGT (III) and newly diagnosed DM type 2 (IV) patients; (b) to determine the percentage of metabolic syndrome at these pati...

Background: The Freestyle Flash glucose monitoring (Flash GM) is a new technology suitable for children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Clinical accuracy, safety and user acceptability of the Flash GM has been demonstrated in a recent study. In 2017 the UK Association of children’s diabetes clinicians (ACDC) launched national guidelines for training healthcare professionals in delivering Flash GM to children with T1DM.Objective...

The gut microbiota (GM), the commensal bacteria living in our intestine, performs numerous useful functions, including modulating host metabolism and immune status. Our recent studies demonstrate that the GM is also a regulator of bone mass and we propose that the effect of the GM on bone mass is mediated via effects on the immune system, which in turn regulates osteoclastogenesis. A role of the GM in bone metabolism is further supported by studies demonstrating that antibioti...

Introduction: Gynaecomastia (GM) is common in boys with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) during adolescence. It develops due to the relatively higher diurnal oestradiol–testosterone ratio in early to mid puberty. The physiological mid-late pubertal rise in testosterone causes the GM to disappear in chromosomally normal boys, but it persists in boys with KS if this rise in testosterone is blunted.Aim: As a previous longitudinal RCT of testosterone in boys w...

Background: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare inflammatory condition of the breast typically affecting women during postpartum period. GM can mimic inflammatory breast cancer and only be reliably distinguished through histopathology. While there is no generally accepted treatment for GM, therapeutic options include - antibiotics, wide surgical excision, and corticosteroids.Clinical Case: A 54-year-old female presented to her family physician with wit...

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is an inflammatory lesion of the breast relatively rare with multiple etiologies suggested. Although most cases of GM show an association with breastfeeding and pregnancy, a minority of cases were related to hyperprolactinemia caused either by drugs dopamine antagonists or intracranial lesions, including pituitary adenoma. We report a case of a patient who had GM associated with microprolactinoma. Surgical treatment of the adenoma was indicated beca...

Introduction: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a specific mitogen for endothelial cells. Granulocyte–monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key player in the regulation of steady-state functions. Studies have shown increased levels of VEGF and GM-CSF in benign and malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between VEGF and GM-CSF levels and thyroid nodules >1 cm. and negative for malignancy with fine needle aspiration bi...

An 82-year-old male was referred to the breast clinic with a four month history of painful right gynaecomastia (GM), without nipple discharge. A 4 cm plaque of tender, soft tissue was palpable. Physical examination and external genitalia were normal. There was no relevant drug history. Prolactin, Testosterone (T), CXR, Ultrasound and FNA of the breast were normal. LH 13.0 IU (1.5-10.0) and FSH 18.1 IU (1.5-10.0) were raised. FT3 was raised at 7.3 pmol/L (3.5-5.5) with TSH supp...